Improvement in carriage-axles



1. Apc. RUFFNER.

Carriage Axle.

l Patented Feb. 9, 1869.`

OGRAPMER, wAamNGTDN D C tant stent edities".

JAMES A. o. EUEENER, 0EH1LLSDALE, ,PENNSYLvANrA AssIeNoE To HIMSELE AND Y WILLIAM N. PEoTHEE'o, "on SAME PLAGE.

Trettors Patent No. 86,693, dated Feb/rua/ry 9, 1869.

To r-ZZ whom 'it may con-cern Be it known that I, JAMES A.A C. RUEENER, of Hillsdale, in the county of Indiana, and State of Pennsyl-- Vania, have invented a new and useful' Improvement in Axles for Garriages, Snc.; and I do hereby declare that the following Iis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked thereonf `The nature of my invention consists providing an axle for carriages, Sto., with ,a detachable and re-V versible spindle, so arranged, withA relation to the axle, that in case one partof the spindle shouldV be broken o', it may be reversed and secured in the axle, and thereby make the broken spindle operative.

"lo enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention,I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In 'the accompanying drawings, which form part of my specication* Figure l is a side `view of my improvement in axles, provided with a reversible axle.

Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same, when cut through a line, z. y

Figure 3 is a side view ofthe reversible spindle.

In thedrawings- A B represent the two parts of the axle, which are held together by means of bands, or clips, I).v

The parts A B may be varied inform, to adapt the axle, in form, to the desire of the manufacturer.

The ends ofthe axles are provided with square openings, adapted to the square parts, (ly-of the spindle, as indicated in g.'\2.

e and e represent the spindles of theV axles. As the construction and arrangement of my improvement in axle, and the relation that the several parts bear to each other, will be readily understood from the foi-'egoing-description, and by reference to the accon1'. panying drawings, I will therefore proceed to describe i its operation, which is as follows:

The axle may besecnred tothe body of the carriage in any suitable..and known manner, and the wheels 0f. the carriage held in lplaceon the spindle by any known means.

` In case the spindle e is broken ot, or otherwise becomes inoperative, the band or clip D is removed, and

the spindle changed in the axle, so as to bring the spin-V die e to take'the place of the spindle e; the band or clip D is replaced, and the axle is again made operative. The great advantage of having the axle cfa carriage so constructed .that it can be so easily repaired, will be A. C. JOHNSTON, S. L. LowRY. 

